Kauaʻi record · kba_plant_eucalyptus_pilularis
Blackbutt
Eucalyptus pilularis
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About Blackbutt
Blackbutt (Eucalyptus pilularis) is an introduced tree treated as naturalized on Kauaʻi by Bishop Museum’s 2025 checklist and the 2026 Smithsonian checklist. Current extent is unassessed. Native to fertile coastal plains and hills of southeastern Queensland and eastern New South Wales, where it forms tall subtropical forest. Kauaʻi naturalized status is checklist-based at island scale; reviewed sources do not establish present abundance, occupied forest type, or ecological effect.
Kauaʻi evidence
Taxonomic identity, tree form, diagnostic morphology and island occurrence use the linked reviewed sources. Historical planting, cultivation, naturalization and invasive status are separate. Generated imagery is not occurrence evidence. The 1918–1959 Kauaʻi reforestation working register records 259 plants under Eucalyptus pilularis across 1 entries dated 1950. These are recorded planting quantities, not counts of surviving trees, and they do not by themselves establish current persistence, naturalization, or ecological impact. Source: Kauaʻi Reforestation Plantings 1918–1959 working register (user-supplied; reconciled 6 October 2026).
Names and classification
- Scientific name
- Eucalyptus pilularis
- Common names
- Blackbutt
- Other names
- Eucalyptus pilularis · Blackbutt · Eucalyptus persicifolia G.Lodd.
- Record type
- Species
Kauaʻi occurrence and status
- Kauaʻi occurrence
- Recorded on Kauaʻi
- Origin
- Introduced
- Conservation status
- Not yet assessed
- Evidence date
- 2026-10-06
- Evidence limits
- Current island-wide abundance, naturalized population persistence, occupied habitat, recruitment, population trend, and ecological effects on Kauaʻi remain unassessed.
Habitat and ecology
- Habitats
- Not yet assessed
- Food and resource needs
- Not yet assessed
- Reproduction
- Axillary umbels produce white flowers and woody capsules containing dark pyramidal seeds. Recruitment depends on pollination, capsule maturation, seed release, suitable seedbeds, and seedling survival; Kauaʻi-specific phenology and recruitment are unknown.
- Shelter
- Not yet assessed
- Growth form
- Tree
Threats and conservation
- Monitoring
- Not yet assessed
- Data gaps
- Current population extent and trajectory · Additional species-specific ecological and conservation sources
Process and seasonal context
- Seasonal timing
- Not yet assessed
- Seasonal description
- Blackbutt (Eucalyptus pilularis) is an introduced tree treated as naturalized on Kauaʻi by Bishop Museum’s 2025 checklist and the 2026 Smithsonian checklist. Current extent is unassessed. Native to fertile coastal plains and hills of southeastern Queensland and eastern New South Wales, where it forms tall subtropical forest. Kauaʻi naturalized status is checklist-based at island scale; reviewed sources do not establish present abundance, occupied forest type, or ecological effect.
Sources and further reading
- https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593246-1
- https://apps.lucidcentral.org/euclid/text/entities/eucalyptus_pilularis.htm
- https://hbs.bishopmuseum.org/publications/pdf/tr75.pdf
- https://editedimages.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/Imadaetal.2025Hawaiianvascularplants.xlsx
- https://doi.org/10.5479/si.32124043